Everything about William Jervois totally explained
Sir William Francis Drummond Jervois,
GCMG,
CB (
10 September 1821 –
17 August 1897) was a military engineer and Governor of the
Straits Settlements,
South Australia and
New Zealand.
Jervois joined the army in
1839, and was educated and commissioned as a
Royal Engineer. After service in
South Africa, he became an expert on land-based fortifications of cities against naval attack, and proposed several options for a ring of defences around
London. In 1864 and 1865, he reviewed fortifications in
Canada, submitting what became a politically controversial report that stated that the
Great Lakes and
Upper Canada were not defensible.
Later in his career, he became governor of several colonies; the
Straits Settlements,
South Australia, and then
New Zealand.
Following the withdrawal of British garrison troops from Australia in 1870, Jervois and
Lieutenant-Colonel Peter Scratchley were commissioned by a group of colonies to advise on defence matters. They inspected each colony's defences and produced the
Jervois-Scratchley reports of 1877. Not surprisingly these also emphasised fortifications against naval attack. These reports went on to form the basis of defence planning in Australia and New Zealand for the next 30 years.
The prominent streets
Jervois Quay in
Wellington, and Jervois Road in
Auckland, are named after him. Jervois Quay used to be on Welllington's waterfront before the
earthquake of
1855.
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